V
CC
and Startup
In normal operation, V
CC
is derived from a tertiary wind-
ing of the transformer. However, at startup there is no
energy delivered through the transformer, thus a resistor
must be connected from V
CC
to the input power source
(see R
ST
and C
ST
in Figures 5 to 8). During startup, C
ST
charges up through R
ST
. The 5V reference generator,
comparator, error amplifier, oscillator, and drive circuit
remain off during UVLO to reduce startup current below
65µA. When V
CC
reaches the undervoltage-lockout
threshold of 8.4V, the output driver begins to switch and
the tertiary winding supplies power to V
CC
. V
CC
has an
internal 26.5V current-limited clamp at its input to protect
the device from overvoltage during startup.
Size the startup resistor, R
ST
, to supply both the maxi-
mum startup bias (I
START
) of the device (65µA max)
and the charging current for C
ST
. The startup capacitor
C
ST
must charge to 8.4V within the desired time period
t
ST
(for example, 500ms). The size of the startup
capacitor depends on:
1) IC operating supply current at a programmed oscilla-
tor frequency (f
OSC
).
2) The time required for the bias voltage, derived from
a bias winding, to go from 0 to 9V.
3) The MOSFET total gate charge.
4) The operating frequency of the converter (f
SW
).
MAX5094A/B/C/D/MAX5095A/B/C
High-Performance, Single-Ended, Current-Mode
PWM Controllers
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